德国与欧盟在当前难民危机应对上的政策调整及其挑战

Abstract:The refugee crisis has had a far-reaching impact on the development of Europe. Germany，as the EU member state that accepted the largest number of refugees，as a consequence faces enormous political，economic and social challenges. In 2018，Germany comprehensively tightened its refugee policy and，with a view to reducing the number of migrants in Germany，sought to sign bilateral agreements with EU member states in order to return refugees who had proceeded to Germany after first having found refuge in these states. The Skilled Labor Immigration Act opens access to the German labor market for legal immigrants and aims at attracting professionals and skilled workers. The EU has actively pursued steps to deal with the refugee crisis and undertaken a number of efforts in the three aspects of external action，border management and internal policies，which have all eased the situation concerning refugees. Consensus among EU member states is however still lacking：It continues to be difficult to agree on a mechanism of distributing refugees among member states，the reform of EU refugee policy remains problematic，and the threat of terrorist attacks remains high. The crime rate attributed to refugees gives many EU citizens the impression that they live in a dangerous and uneasy environment. There is still a long way to go for EU and Germany to thoroughly solve the problems caused by the refugee crisis.

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