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持续倒退:博索纳罗政府的环境政策

作者:程晶 李诚歌 〔巴西〕AlexandrePereiradaSilva 出版日期:2023年11月 报告页数:20 页 报告大小: 报告字数:23760 字 所属丛书:巴西黄皮书 所属图书:巴西发展报告(2021~2022) 浏览人数: 下载人数:

文章摘要:2020~2021年间,博索纳罗政府的环境政策较之2019年执政首年并未有所改观,相反处于持续倒退中。在新冠肺炎疫情冲击下,为了提振经济,扩大农矿产品出口,满足农业综合企业、矿业等部门的经济利益,获取其政治支持,博索纳罗政府在环境问题上继续采取消极态度,对内推进任期初就开始实施的一系列有损环境的政策和举措,诸如弱化监管机构职能,放松环境监管;鼓励在亚马孙、塞拉多等森林覆盖地区进行经济开发,大力发展农矿业;姑息抢占公地、非法毁林行为;等等。在国际舞... 展开

文章摘要:2020~2021年间,博索纳罗政府的环境政策较之2019年执政首年并未有所改观,相反处于持续倒退中。在新冠肺炎疫情冲击下,为了提振经济,扩大农矿产品出口,满足农业综合企业、矿业等部门的经济利益,获取其政治支持,博索纳罗政府在环境问题上继续采取消极态度,对内推进任期初就开始实施的一系列有损环境的政策和举措,诸如弱化监管机构职能,放松环境监管;鼓励在亚马孙、塞拉多等森林覆盖地区进行经济开发,大力发展农矿业;姑息抢占公地、非法毁林行为;等等。在国际舞台上,围绕气候减排、亚马孙森林保护的国际合作等议题,博索纳罗政府表现不尽如人意,广受批评。其持续倒退的环境政策不仅破坏了巴西国内生态平衡,导致森林砍伐面积大幅增加,生物多样性不断丧失,而且严重损害了巴西的国际环境形象,制约了经济的健康可持续发展。

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Abstract:From 2020 to 2021,the environmental policy of Bolsonaro government has not changed compared with the first year of power in 2019,but it is in a continuous retrogression. Under the impact of the epidemic,in order to expand the export of agricultural and mineral products,boost the economy,meet the economic interests of comprehensive agricultural enterprises,mining and other departments,and obtain their political support,the Bols... 展开

Abstract:From 2020 to 2021,the environmental policy of Bolsonaro government has not changed compared with the first year of power in 2019,but it is in a continuous retrogression. Under the impact of the epidemic,in order to expand the export of agricultural and mineral products,boost the economy,meet the economic interests of comprehensive agricultural enterprises,mining and other departments,and obtain their political support,the Bolsonaro government took a negative attitude on environmental issues and internally promoted a series of measures detrimental to the environment implemented at the beginning of its term of office,such as relaxing environmental supervision;Encourage economic development in forest covered areas such as Amazon and Cerrado,and vigorously develop agriculture and mining. On the international stage,the Bolsonaro government has performed poorly and has been widely criticized on issues such as climate reduction and international cooperation in Amazon forest protection. Its continuously regressive environmental policy not only destroys Brazil’s domestic ecological balance,resulting in a significant increase in deforestation and the continuous loss of biodiversity,but also seriously damages Brazil’s international environmental image and restricts the healthy and sustainable development of the economy.

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作者简介

程晶:程晶,历史学博士,湖北大学历史文化学院、区域与国别研究院巴西研究中心副教授,国务院侨务办公室侨务理论研究武汉基地副研究员。

李诚歌:李诚歌,湖北大学区域与国别研究院科研助理,历史文化学院硕士研究生。

〔巴西〕Alexandre Pereira da Silva:〔巴西〕Alexandre Pereira da Silva,法学博士,武汉大学中国边界与海洋研究院研究员。