思位之间：论张居正对阳明心学的事功化改造及其挫折

Abstract:Historically，the severe political environment in Ming Dynasty made most intellectuals avoid political affairs，while Wfang Yangming also began to alienate himself from politics through Longchang’s banishment consciously，and put “Tao”（道） which cannot be carried by realistic politics into the cultivation of mind and the lecturing. Thus Yangming’s Mind Study showed an inherent tension of certain “political ideas”（思）and “social status”（位），and formed unrealistic academic atmosphere gradually. Zhang Juzheng found the development momentum of Yangming school and its academic problems，he intended to transform the Mind Study from two angles of thought and practice，and argued that academia should serve politics，don’t prattle the theory without practise. However，Zhang Juzheng did not seem to be aware of the differences in political orientation between himself and the Yangming School，so that the transformation was futile，it not only couldn’t solve the tension between “political ideas” and “social status” in Yangming School，but also let the Yangming scholars further forced to retreat and defend themselves，so the political practice was difficult to be implement.

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