乡约制度多重功能探析:以新疆乡村治理为例(1884~1911)
文章摘要:本文研究1884~1911年新疆乡约的职能,它包括以下几个部分:一是对国内外乡约的职能做了简要的梳理;二是在催征田赋时乡约接到县衙下文,再到乡村通知,最后按期征收;三是在户口和土地分配时乡约要进行定期的统计,为国家或地方政府征收田赋提供依据;四是在水权管理中乡约承担分配水资源、带领当地村民维护水利设施的职能;五是关于乡约在基层司法方面提供报案、协助官府缉拿人犯、维护自己管辖范围内的治安、管理出入境游牧民的流动人口的职能。说明乡约在中国新疆基层... 展开
Abstract:This paper analyses rural managers of the function in 1884-1911,It consists of the following section:First,it gives a brief introduction about the rural managers of the function;Second,the rural managers receive the notice from County Yamen,and then convey to countryside in requisition land tax on time;Third,the rural managers must regularly measure about population statistics,and land distribution to the government;Fourth,... 展开