个人责任原则的困境：美国失业与养老福利制度

Abstract:US is regarded as a liberal welfare state which largely depends on market provision. Unemployment and old age constitute two core social risks with close interaction. This article makes a general introduction of US welfare system securing against the risks of old age and unemployment. It finds that，at the end of 2013，US unemployment rate has reached the lowest level since October 2008；whereas，the civilian participation rate has been continuously declined. It means that more and more civilian population has been outsiders of both labor market and welfare system，which as result，proves that the principle of personal responsibility is in dilemma. A decline in occupational pension and OASDI coverage，and the continuance of welfare dualism in case of unemployment，together increase the proportion of old age people depending on means-test public assistance programs. Such changes will inevitably increase the future social expenditure of US Government.

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