Abstract:Before 1945，the studies of foreign countries in Europe and the United States experienced the evolution from classical studies，history，and social sciences on the “Civilized World” to the Oriental Studies，which studies “Non Western Advanced Civilization”，and anthropology，which studies the so-called colonial world of primitive peoples. The symbols of the social science system in the 19th century were disciplinarization，institutionalization，independence，and internationalization. After 1945，a new disciplinary framework was formed，especially the rise of complexity science and cultural research，which posed a serious challenge to the traditional social science framework. Area studies refer to the studies on other areas and countries in the world in social，economic，political，military，religious，cultural，linguistic，international relations and history aspects. Their characteristics include special research objects，unique research theories and methods combining basic and applied research，micro and macro research，qualitative and quantitative research，emphasis on field research，special requirements for languages，and strong applicability. The value and significance of area studies include enabling people to understand and master the specific situations of various societies，and obtaining objective local knowledge；providing materials for theoretical generalization and abstraction；validating the existing theories and provide possibilities for further development of theories；promoting the development of other disciplines. Area studies in the West have obvious advantages internationally，but there are also weaknesses. China’s area studies has a long history，while the modern related research began in the 1950s and has developed rapidly in recent years，but there are still some problems.
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