大学排名对政府政策的影响及其风险规避

Abstract:University rankings，as an evaluation tool with great limitations and risks，cannot measure the vitality of universities. The current university rankings have diversified influences on government policies，which are manifested in promoting the government to establish world-class universities，reforming and rebuilding the higher education system，and promoting the integrated development of public policies. University rankings have different influences on policies of different countries and governments，which is related to the importance of their higher education system，at the core or peripheral positions. The impact of university rankings on government policies is deep and persistent，which is reflected in several aspects. The elitist policy orientation has formed a hierarchical system of universities pursuing efficiency；the path-dependent behaviors of the universities may lead to the loss of their essential purposes；and the performance-oriented policy evaluation makes the new concept of public management more prevalent and even distorted. Therefore，it is necessary to know the drawbacks of the rankings in building world-class universities and making public policies，and to see the adverse effects of new public management concepts and neoliberalism on the “double first-class” construction and public policies. The development of higher education should break through two single modes of neo-liberalism and social democracy，adhere to the development path of socialist education with Chinese characteristics，and contribute Chinese wisdom to the theoretical construction of the community of shared future for humankind.

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