印度洋国际环境变化与中国面临的战略选择

Abstract:China’s attitudes and positions on Indian Ocean affairs have always been passive or. It is because that China is not an Indian Ocean country，and the Indian Ocean is not the main area of China’s foreign relations. Moreover，Western countries have rendered China’s economic activities in the Indian Ocean region a “pearl chain strategy”，which has created obstacles to China’s deepening economic cooperation with countries along the Indian Ocean. In order to avoid causing more misunderstandings and concerns in neighboring countries，China’s consideration in the direction of the Indian Ocean presents a certain strategic inertia. In recent years，the United States and the European Union-dominated Western countries have implemented trade protectionist policies，especially the Trump administration has rewritten trade rules based on “US priority”，but China’s foreign trade and investment will accelerated toward the Indian Ocean. China will gradually become an important economic and security stakeholder in the Indian Ocean region. In the future，the United States will remain the biggest variable affecting the international environment of the Indian Ocean，and India，the great power in this region，will also become a major variable affecting the international environment of the Indian Ocean. In the changing Indian Ocean international environment，China’s security needs in the Indian Ocean have been risen sharply，which helping China to incorporate the Indian Ocean into its strategic vision to adapt to the rising economic interests and security needs of the Indian Ocean as well as to alleviate the pressure of strategic competition from great power. We believe that China is not an Indian Ocean country，but it is a near-Indian Ocean country. That is to say，China is the largest foreign country nearest to the Indian Ocean. Due to the increasingly close economic relations between China and the countries along the Indian Ocean in recent years，the traditional and non-traditional security challenges of the Indian Ocean have become increasingly prominent，especially the importance of the East Indian Ocean adjacent to the South China Sea to the surrounding environment of China，and actively shaping the political，economic and security environment is the choice of China’s foreign strategy for the next decade or even longer. China’s role in the Indian Ocean has always been a builder of economic prosperity，a participant in the development of international rules，and a contributor to maintaining common security as well. The main objectives of the China Indian Ocean Strategy are to maintain freedom of navigation in the Indian Ocean and to ensure the safety of maritime traffic lines，and to expand economic interests in the Indian Ocean region，which requires China to have corresponding military defense capabilities and military delivery capabilities，and play a constructive role which matches its ability in the security management of the Indian Ocean.

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