撒哈拉以南非洲地区非国家冲突的形成
文章摘要:冷战结束以来,撒哈拉以南非洲地区的非国家冲突快速增长,成为主要的冲突形态。非国家冲突可分为三类:非法武装团体之间的冲突,外来武装团体与当地民兵民团、私人武装之间的冲突,地方民兵民团与私人武装之间的冲突。其中,第三类冲突增多对撒哈拉以南非洲的安全治理构成了较大挑战。撒哈拉以南非洲非国家冲突的形成和增多,一方面在于国家安全能力低下,集中体现为国家军费的低投入,导致暴力的社会化扩散,安全供应下沉或者安全私有化;另一方面,从根本上说,非国家行... 展开
Abstract:Since the end of the Cold War,non-state conflicts in sub-Saharan Africa have grown rapidly and become the main form of conflicts.Non-state conflicts can be divided into three types:conflicts between illegal armed groups,conflicts between outside armed groups and local militia and private armed forces,and conflicts between local militia and private armed forces.Among them,the increase of the third type poses a great challenge to the security governance of sub-Saharan Africa.The formation and growth of non-state conflicts in sub-Saharan Africa lie in the low national security capacity,which mainly reflected in the low national military expenditure,leading to the socialization and spread of violence,the sinking of security supply or the privatization of security.Fundamentally speaking,the emergence and prevalence of non-state conflicts are due to the deep-rooted fractured state-social relations in the region.The proliferation of non-state conflicts is a complex product of sub-Saharan Africa's history and reality,local and external factors.To a large extent,it has also changed the security situation of the African continent and affected the future security governance structure.Therefore,the international community should pay more attention to it.