国际权力体系的三大类型变迁及对中东的影响

Since the modern times，the international power system centered on Europe has undergone three major changes：the Vienna system and the Versailles-Washington system established after the World War Ⅰ，the Yalta system established after the World War Ⅱ，and the post-Cold War system of “one superpower plus multiple strong powers”.The changes in the international power system have far-reaching influence on the pattern of the Middle East，which exhibits an M-shaped structure in terms of degree and manner of intervention.When the Middle East was led by a small number of countries with similar interests（such as the post-WWI Great Britain and France and the post-Cold War U.S.），the likelihood of “divide and control” and direct intervention was high.In the two-pole pattern such as that during the Cold War，the Middle East became the “middle ground” of the two competing powers，the United States and the Soviet Union.In order to prevent the conflicts in the Middle East from escalating into direct collision of the two big powers，geopolitics was brought into a “period of dormancy”.When the Cold War ended and the United States came to lead the international power system，direct control and geopolitical division of the Middle East have been re-intensified.