法国新政党格局的变化

Abstract:The Fifth Republic of France has a multi-party system，and its political party pattern constantly changes with the evolution of different political forces. Before the 2017 presidential and legislative elections，the pattern of the French political was marked by a period of tripolarization in which the right-wing was predominant，followed by a period of bipolarization in which the right and left gained dominance successively，and then followed by a period of tripolarization in which the left and right alternated in power. With the 2017 election and legislative elections，a new party structure was born. The reason is that French voters had chosen a rising star in the French political arena，Emmanuel Macron，and his La République en Marche，due to the failure of traditional political parties to resolve the deep problems of the French economy，politics，and society，and because of the corruption of traditional political elites. The new pattern of political parties，resulting from the abrupt change in the 2017 presidential and legislative elections，was characterized by the trend of quatripolarization of the left，middle，right，and extreme right，with the new middle party being in a predominant position. The new pattern of political parties occurs under the “Party Law”，the volatility and multiplicity of parties becoming more pronounced. The new pattern of political parties has enabled the middle party to participate in the traditional political alternation between left and right，thus breaking the “pendulum principle”；and has contributed to containing the proliferation of nationalism，populism，extremism，and mistrust in France and Europe. It will help to overcome the EU scepticism and restart the process of European integration. It will also facilitate in-depth reform of the Fifth Republic and strengthen France’s hard and soft power in furtherance of the dream of General de Gaulle and other presidents of the Fifth Republic，namely that of France as a “Great Power” and “Strong Power”.

收起