拉美国家文化贸易的特征、障碍及发展建议

Abstract:To meet the urgent need for China to speed up its ties with Latin American countries under the “Belt and Road” initiative，cultural trade can serve as the starting point for promoting the people-people bond between China and Latin America. To enhance the cultural trade hence constitutes one important direction for “upgrading the quality” of China-Latin America economic and trade cooperation in the future. This research finds that the cultural industries in Latin American countries have the following characteristics：they attach great importance to the protection of intellectual property rights，each having its own distinctive characteristics；they lay emphasis on the development of cultural industries，improving the status of culture by legislation；the cultural management system is relatively sound，cultural institutions responsible for their own duties；the cultural system is heterogeneous and the change process has been complex. The cultural trade in Latin American countries since the new century can be characterized as follows：in terms of cultural product trade，the trade scale is relatively small，showing a long-term deficit；in the composition of export，design goods have absolute advantages；in the import structure，design and publishing goods make up the dominant demand. When it comes to cultural service trade，the growth rate is far greater than that of cultural product trade；and the main cultural services exported are construction，engineering and other technical services. The obstacles to the development of Latin American cultural trade are：the lack of supporting systems for promoting cultural trade，the relatively low transformation rate from cultural heritage resources to cultural trade resources，and the hindered expansion of the cultural consumption market by the unfair distribution of cultural resources. Based on the above findings，this paper puts forward the following suggestions on how to promote a faster and better development of Latin American cultural trade：steadily promote the liberalization of regional cultural trade to boost the overall development of Latin American cultural trade；actively support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises to stimulate the internal driving forces of the growth of Latin American cultural trade；make top-level plans and play a leading role in promoting the development of cultural trade on the part of Latin American governments.

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