政商关系与外交政策：以土耳其和伊拉克库尔德地区关系为例

Abstract:As Türkiye emerges as a globally trading nation，its domestic business associations，especially the Islamist bourgeoisie with close ties to the ruling Justice and Development Party（AKP），have gradually become important policy players. Turkish business associations are involved in foreign policy by establishing platforms for interaction with the state，accompanying state leaders in official visits，attending intergovernmental meetings and negotiations，and participating directly in policy making. The paper examines the role of business associations in the foreign policy of Türkiye under the ruling of AKP，using the relationship between Türkiye and the Iraqi Kurdistan Region as an example. In Türkiye’s foreign policy towards the Iraqi Kurdistan Region，Turkish business associations have played a role in facilitating the establishment of a Turkish consulate in Erbil，in promoting the legitimization of Kurdish businessmen in Türkiye，and in acting as coordinating force in times of security tensions between the two sides.

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