“金三角”地区罂粟替代发展面临的新挑战与新治理

Abstract:Alternative development not only serves as a means to reduce drug production，but also reduces the area and population of opium poppy cultivation in traditional regions，thereby reducing the supply of opioids；Alternative development has also become a measure to consolidate the sustainable development of drug plants cultivation areas and one of the strategies adopted by the United Nations to reduce poverty. TheChinese government regards assisting neighboring countries in developing alternative poppy cultivation as one of the main measures to solve the “Golden Triangle” drug problem. Since the 1990s，with ASEAN members and countries in Lancang-Mekong Sub-region，China has signed a series of drug agreements and action plans，established partnerships，carried out Green Drug Program”-Opium Poppy Alternative Development，and achieved win-win results. However，the “Golden Triangle” drug manufacturing and trafficking continue to intensify，with a rebound in poppy cultivation area and a significant increase in heroin seizures. At present，unemployment and food insecurity have intensified. In this situation，more people are prone to drug abuse and engage in the cultivation of illegal drug plants，which may exacerbate the cultivation and production of drug plants，as well as smuggling and trafficking. Integrating poppy substitution into the mainstream of social and economic development，increasing local government and public income，increasing investment in infrastructure construction and public welfare，and enhancing consensus and drug control cooperation between China and the “Golden Triangle”.

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