伊朗萨法维王朝“红头军”的社会史探究

Abstract:Qizilbash were Turkoman tribes originated in northwestern Iran and eastern Anatolia，which had given heavy foundations to the Safavid dynasty. Qizilbash had seen the sufis of the Safavid family as spiritual leader and had converted to the shi’ism since the 15th century. After the establishment of the Safavid dynasty，the first king Ismail Shah affirmed the twelfth Imam as official believes. Qizilbash insisted on their sufi shi’ism which had forged their tribal organizations. Qizilbash uymaq had greatly expanded during Safavid dynasty. The evolution of Qizilbash had great influence on the Silk Road cities in Greater Iran，such as Ardabil，Isfahan，and Baghdad. Finally，Qizilbash’s political position declined and gradually evolved to local power. With the function of Qizilbash had greatly changed，Qizilbash integrated with urban Society. The evolution of Qizilbash had affected these cities’ social，ethinic and religious structure deeply in Early Modern Iran.

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