欧洲社会：动荡、调整与治理新动向

Abstract:In 2021，the pandemic of COVID-19 continued to have a profound impact on European society. Large-scale social protests against the epidemic and the prevention measures of various countries have continued one after another，which reflected not only the difficulties of social governance under the epidemic crisis，but also the division of public opinion. The epidemic prevention measures explored gradually by the EU and other countries，as well as the adjustment of social policies in various fields，will establish a certain institutional base for the reform of social governance in the European countries，but the tension between the concept of governance held by different governments and the demands of public opinion will persist. The epidemic crisis has also become an opportunity for European countries to promote digital transformation，and many countries have achieved relatively rapid development in digital infrastructure construction and public services. Under the epidemic，ethnic issues involving immigration，refugees，ethnic minorities，separatist movements and other issues still have high social visibility in European society.

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