古代两河流域乌鲁克神庙仪式的文化考察

Abstract:In the late 4000 B.C.，Mesopotamia entered the stage of national civilization. The God of heaven was the first to become the protective god of the city-state of Uruk. In the 3000 B.C. period of Sumerian civilization，he became the most important creator God in the religion. Until the first century A.D.，the Seleucid Dynasty was worshipped. Uruk temple is dedicated to the God family with the God couple as the center. Theology stipulates that the king is entrusted by the God to govern the citizens，and the priests complete the ritual activities of offering sacrifices to the gods on behalf of the king. People believe that only in this way can we realize the realistic desire for the peace of the country and the people. The temple ceremony is a vivid expression of this emotional system of social dependence. The rituals of the uluk temple include the themes of awakening，opening the door，dressing，communion，procession，holy marriage，festival and so on. Priests，sacrifice，prayer，sacrifice，witchcraft and taboo constitute the cultural factors of temple ceremony. Each factor plays a certain role in the ceremony，and all factors work together to serve the whole religion. The continuous performance of the temple ceremony promotes the legitimacy of the royal power，strengthens the traditional religious belief and the social cohesion of the citizens，and endows the citizens with spiritual confidence in a safe and happy life，which has an important cultural function.

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