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1975~2002年阿根廷的经济政策与社会转型

作者:〔阿根廷〕古斯塔沃·恩里克·桑蒂廉 张昀辰 所属图书:世界近现代史研究(第十八辑) 图书作者:南开大学世界近现代史研究中心 出版时间:2021年12月
报告字数:18477字 报告页数:18页

文章摘要:从1975年开始,为了应对通货膨胀,阿根廷尝试转变庇隆时期的经济政策框架,但直到90年代初,阿根廷仍未解决通货膨胀、财政赤字等问题。1991年后,依靠货币局制度,阿根廷经济开始进入相对稳定时期,但该制度在阿根廷实施过程中存在困难,不能从根本上解决阿根廷在巩固经济发展方面面临的一系列限制性问题。在这一整段时期内,通货膨胀、工资性收入在国民收入比重中的下降、工业部门占经济活动比重的降低等问题,使阿根廷的社会结构发生变化,反映为失业率的上升和贫困的普... 展开

文章摘要:从1975年开始,为了应对通货膨胀,阿根廷尝试转变庇隆时期的经济政策框架,但直到90年代初,阿根廷仍未解决通货膨胀、财政赤字等问题。1991年后,依靠货币局制度,阿根廷经济开始进入相对稳定时期,但该制度在阿根廷实施过程中存在困难,不能从根本上解决阿根廷在巩固经济发展方面面临的一系列限制性问题。在这一整段时期内,通货膨胀、工资性收入在国民收入比重中的下降、工业部门占经济活动比重的降低等问题,使阿根廷的社会结构发生变化,反映为失业率的上升和贫困的普遍存在,中产阶级、工人阶级的缩减和边缘阶层的增长。这些结构性特征惯性地延续下去,并对当下的阿根廷产生影响。

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Abstract:Since 1975,Argentina began to tackle inflation by changing the economic policy framework promoted by Juan Perón,but still had not resolved issues such as inflation and fiscal deficits until early 1990s. After 1991,relying on the convertibility regime,Argentine economy entered a period of relative stability,yet this system still had the difficulty that existed in the implementation of the system in Argentina and could not fundamen... 展开

Abstract:Since 1975,Argentina began to tackle inflation by changing the economic policy framework promoted by Juan Perón,but still had not resolved issues such as inflation and fiscal deficits until early 1990s. After 1991,relying on the convertibility regime,Argentine economy entered a period of relative stability,yet this system still had the difficulty that existed in the implementation of the system in Argentina and could not fundamentally relieve a series of problems that Argentina faced in consolidating economic development. This whole period witnessed changes in the social structure of Argentina caused by problems,such as inflation,the decline in the proportion of wage income in national income,and the decline in the proportion of the industrial sector in economic activities,which can be manifested by the rise in unemployment,the prevalence of poverty,the shrinking of the middle class and the working class,and the growth of the marginal strata. These structural features continue inertially and have an impact on the current Argentina.

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作者简介

〔阿根廷〕古斯塔沃·恩里克·桑蒂廉:古斯塔沃·恩里克·桑蒂廉(Gustavo Enrique Santillán),历史学博士,阿根廷国立科尔多瓦大学社会学系副教授,拉丁美洲亚非研究协会副主席

张昀辰:译者简介:张昀辰,南开大学世界近现代史研究中心和拉美研究中心博士研究生

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