2015/2016年超强厄尔尼诺及其气候影响

Abstract:Climate monitoring shows that the year of 2015 becomes the warmest year since 1880 in the worldwide. In the meanwhile，the average surface air temperature in Asia reaches the top since 1901，and China experienced a warmest year since 1951. CO2 concentration in the atmosphere breakthrough 400ppm，while the ocean heat content and the global sea surface temperature both get the highest records. Under the global warming，the occurrence of strong El Niño and total time of El Niño state in the equatorial central-eastern Pacific significantly increased，and the transition time between El Niño and La Niña is shortened. 2015/2016 super El Niño event exceeds the former two events in the multi-index，and becomes the strongest El Niño event in the past century. However，the response of the atmosphere in this event is weaker than 1982/1983. In the influence of 2015/2016 El Niño event，the atmospheric circulation exhibits remarkable abnormality，and extremely weather and climate events occurs frequently.

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