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21世纪以来中国大型互联网平台的市场行为、监管挑战与政策应对

作者:胡滨 郑联盛 出版日期:2021年06月 报告页数:26 页 报告大小: 报告字数:23462 字 所属丛书:金融监管蓝皮书 所属图书:中国金融监管报告(2021) 浏览人数: 下载人数:

文章摘要:大型互联网平台具有极强网络效应、极端规模经济和重要链接功能,在去中介同时又具有再中介作用,构建了与传统市场模式存在重大差异的双边市场体系。大型互联网平台的市场竞争、垄断行为和监管治理不能简单以市场结构、市场行为和市场影响等产业组织标准来进行界定。大型互联网平台的替代性市场竞争、非对称性定价、跨边网络效应、极端规模经济以及平台差异性特征,使得平台垄断、数据垄断以及监管治理较难使用普适性监管框架。对大型互联网平台潜在的消费者歧视、数据滥用... 展开

文章摘要:大型互联网平台具有极强网络效应、极端规模经济和重要链接功能,在去中介同时又具有再中介作用,构建了与传统市场模式存在重大差异的双边市场体系。大型互联网平台的市场竞争、垄断行为和监管治理不能简单以市场结构、市场行为和市场影响等产业组织标准来进行界定。大型互联网平台的替代性市场竞争、非对称性定价、跨边网络效应、极端规模经济以及平台差异性特征,使得平台垄断、数据垄断以及监管治理较难使用普适性监管框架。对大型互联网平台潜在的消费者歧视、数据滥用、创新阻碍以及系统性风险等问题都需要从双边或多边市场的新维度进行剖析,从经济范畴向社会领域拓展,从帕累托最优向公共选择权衡转变。大型互联网平台的系统重要性界定、平台垄断包括数据垄断认定、个性化平台与差异化监管匹配、跨境平台数据主权和司法管辖权以及从经济性监管到社会性治理的拓展,都给监管当局带来重大的挑战。大型互联网平台的全面监管和有效治理是急迫且重要的,而构建一个包容平台创新发展、有效应对系统性风险、创新规制平台垄断和数据滥用、妥善处置数字主权以及有效保护消费者的长效监管治理机制则是任重而道远。

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Abstract:Large Internet platform has strong network effect,extreme scale economy and important linkage function. It constructs a two-sided market system which is significantly different from the traditional market model. The market competition,monopoly behavior and regulatory governance of large Internet platforms cannot be simply defined by traditional industrial organization standards such as market structure,market behavior and market in... 展开

Abstract:Large Internet platform has strong network effect,extreme scale economy and important linkage function. It constructs a two-sided market system which is significantly different from the traditional market model. The market competition,monopoly behavior and regulatory governance of large Internet platforms cannot be simply defined by traditional industrial organization standards such as market structure,market behavior and market influence. The specific market competition,asymmetric pricing,cross-border network effect,and extreme scale economy make it difficult to use universal regulatory framework against platform monopoly,data monopoly and regulatory challenges. The potential consumer discrimination,data abuse,innovation barriers and systemic risks of large Internet platforms need to be analyzed from the new dimensions of bilateral or multilateral markets,from the economic domain to the social domain,and from Pareto optimization to the public choice policy. The definition of the systematic importance of large Internet platforms,the identification of platform monopoly including data monopoly,the matching of personalized platform and differentiated supervision,the data sovereignty and jurisdiction of cross-border platforms,and the expansion from economic supervision to social governance all pose great challenges to the regulatory authorities. Comprehensive supervision and effective governance of large Internet platform is urgent and important,and it is a long way to go to build a long-term supervision and governance mechanism that includes platform innovation,effectively deals with systemic risks,innovatively regulates platform monopoly and data abuse,properly handles digital sovereignty and effectively protects consumers.

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作者简介

胡滨:胡滨,法学博士,金融学博士后,研究员,中国社会科学院金融研究所党委书记兼副所长、国家金融与发展实验室副理事长,主要研究方向为金融风险与监管、金融科技等。

郑联盛:郑联盛,经济学博士,副研究员,中国社会科学院金融研究所金融风险与金融监管研究室主任、中国社会科学院金融法律与金融监管研究基地主任,主要研究方向为宏观经济、金融科技、金融风险与监管等。